Mi-24V Flight Manual part 2

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Contents

4.2. USING GUIDED MISSILES

Actions after approaching engagement area (above polygon) or search area

4.2.1. Pilot:

- 5-6 minutes before launch give command to the Operator "Turn on equipment";

- set necessary flight speed and altitude;

- make sure that the on Pilot's weapon control panel is set to [OFF. / GUIDED MISSILES] [ВЫКЛ./УРС];

- set switch to [ON][ПРИЦЕЛ] and depending on the background brightness and targets contrast adjust illumination of and reticle, providing clear visibility of reticle and target;

- set switch on the sight body to [AUTO][АВТО.] position;

- set required helicopter heading; receive a report from Operator "The equipment is turned on".

4.2.2. Operator actions on pilot command “Turn On equipment”:

- make sure that the switch on Control panel set to [OPERATE][РАБОТА] position;

- set switches on Operator's left panel, on Operator's panel, on the Control panel to [ON][ВКЛ.] position;

- after 3 - 4 minutes ensure that lights [READY][ГОТОВ] on ShTV-91 and [READY][ГОТОВ] on Operator's panel are lights, turn on switch on Control panel;

- set switch in [OPEN][ОТКР] position;

- turn on, if necessary, guidance system anti fog equipment, for cold season – eyepiece heater;

- use Raduga control handles to ensure that optical system's line of sight is changes properly;

- check the clearness of landmarks and reticle; if necessary set optics focus by adjusting eyepiece diopter;

- in the presence of atmospheric haze turn orange filter OS, in low light conditions adjust illumination of reticle relative to contrast of landmarks;

- report to Pilot "The equipment is ready".

Actions after approaching battle position (ground targets)

4.2.3. Pilot:

- get combat course and start search for the target;

- together with the operator detect and identify the target;

- after target was detected, set helicopter heading and pitch so center cross of fixed reticle will be on the target, inform Operator about position of target relative to moving reticle "Target is higher", "Target is lower". After insured that moving reticle on the right target, on Operator's report "Mark on the target, range ..." make a decision to engage;

- in the absence of target visibility (large range, limited visibility, etc.) after Operator's report "Mark on the target" perform maneuver to direction of moving reticle until it start to move to the center of fixed reticle and detect target. Receive report from the Operator "Range to the target ..." and make a decision to engage.

NOTE: moving reticle repeats deviation of Raduga aiming line relative to helicopter base axis only within ± 4 ° (70 mils) horizontally and vertically. At larger deviation moving reticle will indicate only direction of the aiming line.

4.2.4. Operator:

- search for target visually and through Raduga ocular using magnification 3,3. After target was detected increase magnification to 10 and identify it. Move central mark on the target and report to the Pilot: "Mark on the target". Determine range to the target and report: "Range to the target ...";

- if target was detected only by Pilot, set sight azimuth to “0” on radial scale and, following Pilot's instructions, search target on vertical line using magnification 3,3. After target detection increase magnification to 10. Determine range to the target and report: "Target visible, range …".

NOTE: Target range defined by the Operator using vertical angular dimension of the target in mils (Figure 6.1) and distance scale.

Actions after decision to engage ground targets in flight with a forward speed

4.2.5. Pilot:

- instruct the Operator "Get ready", adjust helicopter's heading and pitch so moving reticle cross will be inside of small ring of fixed reticle (with radius 15 mils) and give command to the Operator “Launch”. Do not exceed 20° pitch angle while performing a dive;

- if target not in range, approach closer launch position and perform aiming;

- monitor helicopter velocity and altitude;

- keep center of the moving reticle inside of small ring of fixed reticle until missile launch;

- 2 seconds after launch any maneuvers can be applied with following restrictions: azimuth angle to target ±55°, roll angle less than 20°, elevation angle to the target +15°/-20° (depends on helicopter velocity and altitude), check [LIMITED MANEUVR][ОГРАНИЧ.МАНЕВР] light. If it lights up – immediately interrupt maneuver or Operator will lost sight of target.


WARNINGS: 1. Because of possible shading of guidance equipment field of view do not change roll angle to the opposite;

2. If target was hit at minimum range perform intensive turn to avoid get closer than 600 m to the target.

4.2.6. Operator:

- on Pilot's command "Get ready" select proper Launching unit and unfold safety cap on one of the buttons LAUNCH;

- align reticle mark with the target. To reduce shading of the target by missile smoke trail on ranges more than 2000m for “Shturm”, more than 2500m for “Ataka”, raise aiming point 2-3 mils above target's outline;

- report to Pilot "Ready";

- after Pilot's command “Launch”ensure that indicator lamp within sight and on Operator's panel are lights and tone appear in headphones press on the LAUNCH button;

- after missile launch continue to hold central mark inside target's outline, control mark by smooth movements. Sharp movements cause missile swinging and further miss. If aiming point was above the target, 2-3 seconds after launch for “Shturm” or 6-7 seconds for “Ataka” move the mark inside target's outline, if target range was more than 3500 m this time can be increased for “Shturm” to 4-5 seconds, for “Ataka” to 8-9 seconds;

- after target hit reset illumination by pressing the [RESET ILLUMINATION][СБРОС ИЗЛУЧ.] button and fold safety cap of the LAUNCH buttons.

Actions after decision to engage ground targets while hovering

4.2.7. Pilot:

- enter hovering mode at altitude more than 8 m;

- instruct the Operator "Get ready";

- combine moving reticle with small ring of fixed reticle and give command to the Operator "Launch". To reduce the displacement of the helicopter while aiming necessary coordinate your actions with the Operator, given that after Operator presses the LAUNCH missile launched after 0.8-1.0 seconds; the rest of the steps are similar to the Pilot and Operator actions in flight with a forward speed;

- after missile launch hold helicopter's pitch angle for 2-3 seconds, continue to maintain hover, avoiding rough control actions.

4.2.8. Operator:

- coordinate your actions with Pilot to minimize the time from the Pilot's command "Get ready" to pressing LAUNCH;

- in the guidance process keep sight central mark on the target not lower than 1/3 of the target contour height, paying particular attention to smooth movement in vertical direction to prevent missile swinging or collision with ground obstacles.

Actions after missile launch to switch on another target close to first one

4.2.9. Pilot perform same operations and procedures as at launching missile in flight with a forward speed or hovering.

4.2.10. Operator:

- perform same operations and procedures as at launching missile in flight with a forward speed or hovering;

- after missile launch on Pilot's command "Engage target to the right (left), 50, 100 ... 200 meters" make sure you have specified target in sight, report: "Target is visible" - and taking into account remaining flight time of the missile smoothly (without rough actions) move central mark of the sight right on the new target. It should be kept in mind that when helicopter has angular speed more than 0.5 ° / s after sight control handles return to the neutral position possible mark displacement can be 0.2-0.5 mils.

Actions after approaching airborne target search area

4.2.11. Pilot:

- reach search area;

- detect and identify the target with Operator help;

- set helicopter course on the target, combine fixed reticle center with the target and inform Operator about position of target relative to moving reticle "Target is higher", "Target is lower". After insured that moving reticle on the right target, on Operator's report "Target visible, range …, perspective …" make a decision to engage;

- if target not visible and report from the Operator "Mark on the target" received, turn helicopter to the moving reticle direction until it start moving to the center of fixed reticle. Detect the target or on receipt of report from the Operator "Range …, perspective …" make a decision to engage;

4.2.12. Operator:

- search for target visually and through Raduga ocular using magnification 3,3. After target was detected increase magnification to 10 and identify it. Move central mark on the target and report to the Pilot: "Mark on the target". Determine range to the target and report: "Range …, perspective …";

- on Pilot's command “Target on course”, set sight azimuth to “0” on radial scale and, following Pilot's instructions "Target is higher", "Target is lower", search target on vertical line using magnification 3,3. After target detection increase magnification to 10. Determine range to the target and report: "Target visible, range …, perspective …".

Actions after decision to engage airborne target in flight with a forward speed

4.2.13. Pilot:

- give command to Operator "Get ready";

- if target in range, adjust helicopter's heading and pitch so moving reticle cross will be inside of small ring of fixed reticle (with radius 15 mils) and give command to the Operator “Launch”;

- If necessary to perform an attack with dive do it in accordance with Instructions;

- if target not in range, approach closer launch position and perform aiming;


NOTE: Pilot must keep in mind that significant angular displacement of Raduga aiming line cause moving reticle displacement up to 40 mils so after finishing maneuvering Pilot had to correct helicopter heading and pitch accordingly new moving reticle position;


- keep center of moving reticle inside of small ring of fixed reticle until missile launch;

- after missile launch continue to fly in target direction and hold center of moving reticle inside of small ring without exceeding dynamics limits (speed, roll, pitch angles, overload) for current altitude;

- if missile hit target at minimum range perform intensive turn to avoid get closer to the zone of fragmentation.

====4.2.14. Operator:====

- after receiving command "Get ready" select proper Launching unit and unfold safety cap on one of the buttons LAUNCH;

- align reticle mark with the target;

- report to Pilot "Ready";

- after Pilot's command “Launch” ensure that indicator lamp within sight and on Operator's panel are lights and tone appear in headphones press on the LAUNCH button;

- after missile launch continue to hold central mark inside target's outline until hit.


NOTE: for close range target (especially when perspective is close to 4/4) during missile guidance hold reticle mark on frond border of the target contour because of missile delay behind aim line;


- after target hit reset illumination by pressing the [RESET ILLUMINATION][СБРОС ИЗЛУЧ.] button.

Actions after decision to engage airborne target while hovering

4.2.15. Pilot:

- enter hovering mode at altitude more than 8 m;

- before decide to engage the target perform requirements 4.2.11, prevent helicopter forward (backward) movement and altitude drop;

- instruct Operator "Get ready";

- if target in range, combine moving reticle with small ring of fixed reticle and give command to the Operator "Launch". After missile launch hold helicopter's pitch angle for 2-3 seconds, continue to maintain hover, avoiding rough control actions.

4.2.16. Operator:

- coordinate your actions with Pilot to minimize the time from the Pilot's command "Get ready" to pressing LAUNCH;

- in the guidance process keep sight central mark on the target until hit.

USING UNGUIDED ROCKETS

Actions after approaching engagement area (above polygon)

4.3.1. Pilot:

- set on Pilot's weapon control panel to [ROCKETS][НРС];

- turn on switches and [C-13];

- check and adjust reticle illumination;

- make sure that the lamps [POD ARMED][ПУС ВЗВЕДЕНЫ] are lights, lamps 1, 2, 3 and 4 [PAYLOAD][ПОДВЕСКА СПЕЦГРУЗА] are lights accordingly to the actual payload, if at least one of the [POD ARMED][ПУС ВЗВЕДЕНЫ] is not lights, press the button [ARM POD][ВЗВЕДЕНИЕ ПУС];

- ensure that the Operator enable switch [LINK UNIT][БЛОК СВЯЗИ] and moving reticle is illuminated;

- check that the [ROCKETS SIDE][НРС БОРТА] and [ROCKETS SALVO][ОЧЕРЕДЬ НРС] has proper states;

- ensure that there is no ice on the front side of rocket pods;

- to make sight work in automatic mode set switch [SIGHT MODE][АВТ.-РУЧН.] on the sight body to [AUTO][АВТО.] position; make sure that the [SIGHT SYNC.][СИНХ.-НЕСИНХ.] switch is set to [DISABLED][НЕСИНХ.];

- set required for rockets launch altitude and velocity (bring helicopter into a dive or pitch up);

- set required helicopter heading.

4.3.2. Operator:

- turn on switch [GUN DRIVE POWER][СТРЕЛКОВАЯ УСТАНОВКА ПИТАНИЕ] and make sure that the [LINK UNIT][БЛОК СВЯЗИ] switch is turned on;

- set proper angle on collimator in accordance with table 7.17 to determine right moment for starting a dive.

Actions after approaching battle position

Sight in automatic mode (launching from level flight )

4.3.3. Pilot:

- set helicopter course on the target;

- detect and identify the target with Operator help;

- turn on [MASTER ARM][УПРАВЛ. ОГНЕМ] switch;

- unfold safety cap from LAUNCH button;

- set helicopter heading and pitch so center of fixed reticle will be on the target and hold it still for 2-3 seconds in target is moving, 1-1.5 seconds if target is static. While aiming avoid rough controls movements, especially by pedals;

- if target range, determined by range sector, is valid, press on the LAUNCH button and hold it until the last rocket in salvo will be launched;

- change helicopter course to avoid missile fragments.

4.3.4. Operator should assist Pilot in target detection and recognition.

Sight in manual mode (level flight only)

4.3.5. Pilot:

- set helicopter course on the target;

- detect and identify the target with Operator help;

- check necessary ballistics settings;

- turn on [MASTER ARM][УПРАВЛ. ОГНЕМ] switch;

- make sure that helicopter has required altitude and velocity;

- unfold safety cap from LAUNCH button;

Launching from level flight

- follow current course until target will be in range, set helicopter heading and pitch so center of moving reticle will be on the target and press on the LAUNCH button;

- after launching change helicopter course to avoid missile fragments.

Launching from dive

- set helicopter heading, so target will be on vertical line of moving reticle if wind velocity less than 5m/s, or set helicopter course on the target if wind velocity more than 5m/s.

- after loss of visual contact with the target follow Operator's commands to control helicopter;

- on Operator's command bring the helicopter into a dive;

- after required pitch angle will be reached, combine central dot of moving reticle with the target and press FIRE button. While aiming in progress eliminate side drift, do not allow velocity to overreach it's limit value for current pitch angle and barometric altitude;

- after launching bring helicopter out of a dive and perform a turn on 90° or more;

Launching from pitch up

- in level flight take such course that will pass through chosen landmark (or target if it's visible) to performing pitch up;

- after landmark will be in range eliminate side drift, set helicopter course to the target. If drift is more than 4° add one quoter of drift angle to the helicopter course;

- after landmark was reached perform pitch up with recommended for current pitch dynamics. Hold required magnetic course;

- when required pitch angle is reached press FIRE button;

- after launch bring helicopter out of a pitch up (for angle less than 10° perform chandelle or leveling with following turn 90-180°, for pitch 20-30° - turn on climb).

4.3.6. Operator:

- assist the Pilot in target detection and recognition;

- when launching form a dive help Pilot to determine the moment to bring helicopter into a dive, follow target with Aiming station and give commands to Pilot to perform turns and dive.

After launching

4.3.7. Pilot:

- close safety cap on FIRE button;

- turn off [MASTER ARM][УПРАВЛ. ОГНЕМ] witch;

- subsequent engage attempts perform in above sequence.

4.5 USING GUNNERY ARMAMENT

Using nosegun against ground targets by Operator

Approaching engaging area (above polygon)

4.5.1. Pilot:

- make sure that the [NOSEGUN CONTROL][ПИТАНИЕ ППУ] switch is turned off;

- command to Operator “Turn on equipment” (5-6 minutes before engaging);

- make sure that the altimeter RV-5 works properly. In case of radio altimeter failure notify Operator about it (Operator will input altitude value manually);

- bring helicopter course to the target position.

4.5.2. Operator:

- ensure that there is no ice on the gun barrels;


WARNING: Using gun in practical purposes in case of ice on the barrels is prohibited;


- set switch to required position;

- turn on [LINK UNIT][БЛОК СВЯЗИ] switch;

- set [BALLISTIC CALCULATOR MODE][РАБОТА — КОНТРОЛЬ] switch to [OPERATE][РАБОТА] position;

- on Pilot's command “Turn on equipment” turn on , [NOSEGUN DRIVE POWER][СТРЕЛКОВАЯ УСТАНОВКА ПИТАНИЕ] switches;

- set [TARGET TYPE][ЦЕЛИ] switch to [GROUND MOVING][ПОДВ. НАЗЕМН.] or [GROUND FIXED][НЕПОДВ. НАЗЕМН.] position. In the latter case if Ballistic calculator not using – wind correction should be applied, for moving targets also movement compensation according to tabl. 7.48 and 7.49;

- check proper position of [ALTITUDE][ВЫСОТА АЭРОДРОМА] knob. True altitude above sea level can be differ from configured altitude not more than 250m. In case of Radio altimeter RV-5 failure set true helicopter altitude on ^H scale and select [ALTITUDE DATA][ВЫСОТА] switch to [MANUAL][РУЧНОЙ ВВОД];

- unlock Aiming station;

- check and adjust if necessary brightness of reticle illumination;

- ensure that the base scale set to 10m value;

- use [RANGE][ДАЛЬНОМЕР] handle to set distance 500m (in this case diameter of diamond-shaped ring will be 20 mils);

- press and hold [ЭЛЕКТРОПОДТЯГ] button for 2-3 seconds.

Approaching battle position

4.5.3. Pilot:

- detect and identify the target with Operator's help;

- after decision to engage the target command to Operator "Get ready";

- after report “Target visible, ready to fire“ received give command "Fire".

4.5.4. Operator:

- together with Pilot detect and identify the target;

- depending on the nature of the terrain in the target area set [LANDSCAPE TYPE][РЕЛЬЕФ] switch in appropriate position:

[PLAIN][РАВНИНА] - the target on level ground;

[BOTTOM][ПОНИЖ.] – the target is sloped;

[HILL][ПОВЫШ.] - the target is on a slope.


WARNING: target range is calculated by triangulation method so if helicopter real altitude is less than 20m, target exceeds helicopter or target position surrounded by mountains, set [TARGET TYPE][ЦЕЛИ] switch to [AIRBORNE][ВОЗДУШНАЯ ЦЕЛЬ] and manually set target range using base scale as specified for airborne targets;


- on Pilot's command “Get ready” turn Aiming station so central dot of the reticle will be on the target and press [COPILOT MASTER ARM][РЫЧАГ ДЕЙСТВИЯ] ;


WARNING: when working with Aiming station press [COPILOT MASTER ARM][РЫЧАГ ДЕЙСТВИЯ] only if it directed towards the target to prevent accidental fire;


- make sure that [BC INOPRT][НЕИСПР. ВС] lamp is off (it can lit if any of input parameters reach allowable limit such target range);

- report to the Pilot "Target is visible, ready to fire";

- set [NOSEGUN RELOAD][СТРЕЛКОВАЯ УСТАНОВКА ПЕРЕЗАРЯДКА] switch to position I and make sure that the red lamp on ammo counter is lights;

- on Pilot's command “Fire” follow the target by holding central dot of the reticle on the target for at least 3 seconds before opening fire, press one of the FIRE triggers (if [TARGET TYPE][ЦЕЛИ] switch is set to [GROUND FIXED][НЕПОДВ. НАЗЕМН.] central dot of the reticle can be hold on the target for 1-2 seconds before open fire);

- after finishing firing release the FIRE trigger and [COPILOT MASTER ARM][РЫЧАГ ДЕЙСТВИЯ], report to the Pilot “Finished firing";

- in case of large bullets trajectory errors turn off [BALLISTIC CALCULATOR POWER][СТРЕЛЬБА БОМБОМЕТ.] switch and perform aiming using diamond-shaped ring with diameter 20 mils for scale measure purposes; ballistics angle, wind and target movement compensation can be taken from relevant tables;

- after firing task is finished make sure that nosegun in the stowed position, turn of switches [BALLISTIC CALCULATOR POWER][СТРЕЛЬБА БОМБОМЕТ.], [NOSEGUN DRIVE POWER][СТРЕЛКОВАЯ УСТАНОВКА ПИТАНИЕ], set [TARGET TYPE][ЦЕЛИ] switch to neutral position;

- lock Aiming station in the stowed position.


ATTENTION: shooting bursts more than 400 shots are prohibited. After every 400 rounds take a break in shooting for cooling of the barrels for 25 minutes if t >+10°C; 15 min if t >-10°C; 5 min if t <-10°C.

Using nosegun against airborne targets by Operator

Approaching searching area

4.5.8. Pilot had to perform requirements from para. 4.5.1.
4.5.9. Operator had to perform requirements from para. 4.5.2 and in addition:

- set [TARGET TYPE][ЦЕЛИ] switch to [AIRBORNE][ВОЗДУШН.] position;

- set target base in accordance with linear dimensions of the target (if target is helicopter with fuselage height less than 7m, set target base value as target's height multiplied on two). Fuselage length can be used as base as well. However, it will cause additional difficulties with target projection definition after it's each maneuver and need to constantly change base value.

Approaching battle position

4.5.10. Pilot had to perform requirements from para. 4.5.3.
4.5.11. Operator:

- together with the pilot to detect and identify the target;

- on Pilot's command “Get ready” press on Action handle and rotate Aiming station so center dot of reticle will be on the target, frame target with diamond-shaped ring;

- make sure that [BC INOPRT][НЕИСПР. ВС] lamp is not lights;

- report to the Pilot: "Target is visible, ready to fire";

- after command "Fire" received, continuously hold central dot of reticle on the target and diamond-shaped ring around target's contour at least for 3 seconds, press FIRE trigger;

- if target base was multiplied twice, frame the target so so it's contour will be placed inside the ring, and the sum of the upper and lower spaces between diamond-shaped ring will be equal to vertical size of the target;


RECOMMENDATION: it's possible to take base value as fuselage height multiplied by three, in this case upper, lower spaces and vertical size of target will be equal.


- perform further actions described in recommendations for firing at ground targets (para. 4.5.4).

Using nosegun against ground targets by Pilot

Approaching engaging area (above polygon)

4.5.12. Pilot:

- set Weapon selector to [NOSEGUN][ППУ] position;

- turn on switches [NOSEGUN CONTROL][ПИТАНИЕ ППУ] , [SIGHT POWER][ПРИЦЕЛ — НУЛЬ ПРИЦЕЛА] and [С-13];

- command to Operator "Prepare nosegun equipment";

Auto mode

- set switch on the sight body to [AUTO][АВТО.] position.

Manual mode

- set switch on the sight body to [MANUAL][РУЧН.] position;

- set [RANGE DATA][ВВОД ДАЛЬНОСТИ] switch to [MANUAL][РУЧН.] position;

- set ballistics angle on degrees scale and wind/movement correction on mils scale (if side wind velocity more than 5 m/s or target movement speed more than 15 km/h);

- use [TARGET BASE][БАЗА] knob to set target base and [TARGET RANGE][ДАЛЬНОСТЬ] knob to set target range;


- bring helicopter on the combat course;

- set required altitude and airspeed.

4.5.13. Operator:

- on Pilot's command "Prepare nosegun equipment" set [NOSEGUN RELOAD][СТРЕЛКОВАЯ УСТАНОВКА ПЕРЕЗАРЯДКА] switch to position I;

- set [NOSEGUN BURST LENGTH][ОЧЕРЕДЬ ППУ] switch to required position;

- turn on [LINK UNIT][БЛОК СВЯЗИ] switch.

Approaching battle position

4.5.14. Pilot:

- bring helicopter on the combat course;

- detect and identify the target with Operator's help;

- turn on [MASTER ARM][УПРАВЛ. ОГНЕМ] switch, NOSEGUN lamp will light up;

- unfold safety cap from FIRE button;

Auto mode

- set helicopter heading and pitch so center of fixed reticle will be on the target and hold it for 2-3 seconds if target is moving, for 1-1.5 seconds if target is static; avoid rough control actions especially by pedals;

- if target range is valid press FIRE button;

Manual mode

- perform aiming and when target range will be valid set helicopter heading and pitch so center of fixed reticle will be on the target and press FIRE button.


- at the end of each engage fold safety cap of FIRE button and turn off [MASTER ARM][УПРАВЛ. ОГНЕМ] switch. After task complete turn off switches , [NOSEGUN CONTROL][ПИТАНИЕ ППУ] and [С-13], Weapon selector set to [OFF. / GUIDED MISSILES] [ВЫКЛ./УРС]. Command Operator to turn off nosegun equipment.

4.5.15. Operator have to assist Pilot in target detection and identification, after firing turn off nosegun equipment on Pilot's command.

Using GSh-23L installed in UPK-23-250 cannon pods against ground targets by Pilot

Approaching engaging area (above polygon)

4.5.27 Pilot:

- turn on switch, check fixed and moving reticle illumination;

- set Weapon selector in [GUN PODS][УПК] position and ensure that appropriate red lamps are lights on the ammo counter;

- check and adjust illumination of moving reticle;

- make sure that the lamps 1, 2, 3 and 4 [PAYLOAD][ПОДВЕСКА СПЕЦГРУЗА] are lights accordingly to the actual payload;

- set switch to [MANUAL][РУЧН.] position;

- set [RANGE DATA][ВВОД ДАЛЬНОСТИ] to [MANUAL][РУЧН.] position;

- set ballistics angle on degrees scale by [VERTICAL OFFSET][ВЕРТ.] knob and if side wind velocity more than 5 m/s or target movement speed more than 15 km/h set wind/movement correction on mils scale by [HORIZONTAL OFFSET][ГОРИЗ.] knob in accordance with table 7.48 and 7.49;

- set required altitude and velocity;

- bring helicopter on the combat course;

Approaching battle position

4.5.28. Pilot:

- bring the helicopter on the combat course;

- with Operator to detect and identify the target;

- turn on [MASTER ARM][УПРАВЛ. ОГНЕМ] switch, GUN PODS lamp will light up;

- unfold safety cap from FIRE button;

Firing from level flight

- follow engagement course until target will be in range, set helicopter heading and pitch so center of moving reticle will be on the target and press on the FIRE button. To fire next burst release FIRE button and press it again.

Firing from a dive

- set helicopter heading, so target will be on vertical line of moving reticle if wind velocity less than 5m/s, or set helicopter course on the target if wind velocity more than 5m/s.

- after loss of visual contact with the target follow Operator's commands to control helicopter;

- on Operator's command bring helicopter into a dive with tempo 4-5°/sec;

- after required pitch angle will be reached, combine central dot of moving reticle with the target press and hold FIRE button. While aiming in progress eliminate side drift.

- after firing bring helicopter out of a dive and perform a turn on 90°-180°;

- close safety cap of FIRE button;

- turn off [MASTER ARM][УПРАВЛ. ОГНЕМ] switch;

- subsequent engage attempts perform in above sequence.

4.5.29 Operator:

- assist the pilot in target detection and recognition;

- when firing form a dive help Pilot to determine the moment to bring helicopter into a dive, follow target with Aiming station and give commands to Pilot to perform turns and dive.